Compass.



J. A. HOWE.

COMPASS.

APPLICATloN FILED FEB.1. |915.

Lpjlg'., Patented Jan. 8, 1918.

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JAMES A. HOWE, OF ROCHESTER, NEW YORK, ASSIGNOR TO TAYLOR INSTRUMENT COM- PANIES, OF ROCHESTER, NEW YORK, A CORPORATION OF NEW YORK.

COMPASS.

Patenteddan. 8., iltbl..

Original application filed `Llllarch 21, 1914,'Seria1 No. 826,190. Divided and this application led February 1,

, 1915. Serial No. 5,391.

To all 'whom it may concern.'

Be it known that I, JAMES A. Howie, of Rochester, in the county of Monroe and State of New York, have inventedcertain new and useful Improvements in Compasses; and I do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact descriptionof the same, reference being had to the accompanying drawin s, .forming a part of this specification, an to the reference characters marked thereon.

My invention has for its object to improve and simplify the construction of pocket Compasses by affording a structure embodying` a minimum `number of parts which can be manufactured at comparatively low cost, this being a-division of an application which resulted in Letters vPatent No. 1,136,232, dated April 20, 1915. A further purpose of the invention is to provide a device that can be so economically manufactured as to permit it to be sold at a reasonably low price, and at the same time one that is characterized by'high class workmanship and accurate and reliable results. Another object of the, invention is to lenable the several parts lof the device to be manufactured with a minimum number of operations, and to make it, possible for said parts to be readily assembled, without requiring great experienceor unusual care in the assembling, while affording a finished article that possesses all the qualifications of a high priced instrument, and which will not e seriously affected by rough work or careless usage. tion consists in certain improvements and combinations of parts all as will be hereinafter more fully described, the novel features being pointed out in the claims `at the end of the specification.

In the drawings:

`Figure 1 is a plan view of a pocket compass constructed in accordancewith my present improvements;

Fig. 2 is a vertical centrally of Fig. 1;

Fig. 3 is a sectional view similar to Fig. 2, and showing the needle support elevated ofi' its bearing, and 4 Fig. 4 is an enlarged sectional view taken centrally through the head of .the casing.

sectional view taken Similar reference characters in the several views indicate" the se parts.

'Io these and other ends the inven-A My invention is not limited in its application to the specific structure shown herein or to compass constructions, since it possesses certain meritorious Afeatures which are susceptible of application to other devices, such as Watches, as Well as articles of a similar nature, and in the present embodiment I have shown`an example of a method of .carrying out the features of my invention as applied to a compass embodyingan outer casing A which may be stamped in the shape shown from an integral sheet of metal. The outer casing A is curved or rounded in substantially the manner shown, and has an openingdn one face surrounded by an inwardly directed edge a for a purpose that Will appear presently.

Arranged Within the outer casing A is an inner casing B which may also be stamped from a single integral sheet of metal and embodies a bottom b and an'outwardly directed lip or flange at its free edge terminating in a reversely or inwardly bent portion b2 which is 'adapted to engage a crystal C; In assembling the parts, the crystal C is first snapped or forced into the inner casing B, being held upon the lip b by its engagement with the portion b2. The inner casing B is then forced into the opening of the outer casing A until the edge of the latter engages the lower face of the lip or Harige b. The inner casing fits tightly `Withinthe outer casing so that it is held inthe crystal C more rigidlyin position.

he bottom b of the inner casing is provided with a bearing for the needle support, and in the present instance, this is accomplished by providing an opening in the bottom of the casing to receive a bushing D. The bushing is bored centrally to receive a metallic pin or needle d which is driven in, and held preferably by frictional engagement, and I have found that for the purposes of the structure described, the ordinary steel needle, such as employed in sound reproducing machines, can be successfully used for this purpose, and as these can be purchased in large quantities at a very low cost it reduces considerably the expense of the instrument. It is only necessary to drive the needle into the bushing a certain distance, and then cut off the surplus of the base portion of the needle projecting beyond the bushing. In assembling this portion of the device, a suitable dial E is first posif tioned on the inner face of the bottom of the inner casing, the bottom end dialhavin corresponding central openings forme therein. The bushing .with the needle' `attached is then positioned against the outer face of the bottom of the inner casing, as shown in Fig. 2, and upset at d to form a flange extending over the dial and the inner face of the bottom b. It will be understood of course that the dial, bearings, and bushing are all positioned within the inner casing before the latter is secured in the outer casin F designates the needle which is mounted on a suitable needle support f provided with a jewel f for engagement with the bearing d. When the device is not in use, it is desirable to lift the needle sup ort away from the bearing, land to this en AI employ a lever g having one end provided with an opening which receives the bearing d, said inner end being adapted to engage the base of the needle support f in the manner shown in Fig. 2. The opposite end of the lever `g extends through an opening g in the inner' casing, and is provided with an angular extremity bent upon itself, as indicated at g2 and arranged to be engaged by suitable op erating means carried by the head of the casing, and will now be described. l

The head is designated at I-I, being suitably attached within an opening formed in the outer casing, and is interiorly threaded to receive the threaded `portion h of the stem It. The inner end of the stem It is arranged to contact with the end g2 of the lever g, and when the stem is moved inwardly by turning the knurled portion 71.2, it operates the lever g, moving its innermost end upwardly, and raisingl the needle support from its bearing, as shown in Fig. 3. The reverse movement of the stem returns the arts to the position shown in Fig. 2. It 1s stem lbf in either direction, and in order to accomplish this in a convenient and simple manner I provide a reduced portion hs on the stem and arrange a pin or plug h4 removably in a recess 1n the head so as to engage the reduced portion of the stem, as

esirable to limit the movement of the maaier' manufacture and involves'no expensive op`y erations in ythe yproduction of the parts. Furthermore the parts of the instrument can vbe separately manufactured,I and assembled into `the finished article without much diliiculty.

' I claim as my invention :v 1. The combination with the bottom of a casing, of a bushing extending over the inner and outer faces of the bottom, and a bearing heldfrictionally within the bush- The combination with the bottom of a casing, of a dial arranged on. the inner face of theybottom, a bushing engaging the outer face of the bottom and the inner face of the dial, and a bearing held frictionally within the bushing;

3. The combination with an inner casing having a bearing mounted therein, vof a needle support mounted on the bearing, a lever yhaving one end engaging said needle support and `its opposite endvi projecting thro-ugh the inner casing, an outer casing, and means carried by the outer casing having engagement with the lever to operate the same.

4. The combination with a casing, of a head having recesses therein, a-stem projecting through the head and movable therein,

f and movable therein, the stem having a reduced portion, a spring ring cooperating with recesses in the head, and means held in place by the rlng and engaging said reduced portion to l1mit the movement of the stem.

` JAMES A. HOWE.

W1tnesses:

E. STONEBRAKER,

RUSSELL B. GRIFFITH. 

